Today’s growers and ranchers know productive soil and rangelands don't just happen…therefore, they rely on help from science and technology. Conservation scientists look for the best ways to maximize land use…without harming it. The two main areas of their work are soil conservation and range management. Working in this field means -- working in a field, often! Conservation scientists usually start by studying how the land is being used and the resulting problems. Perhaps the rangelands are becoming overgrazed. Or maybe farmers need advice on the best plowing and planting methods to prevent soil erosion. These scientists review the results of lab work on soil samples. They examine their findings and draw up a plan. The proposal must include ways to correct problems without endangering the environment. Their reports also consider laws, costs and the time it will take to improve and maintain the land. Putting the plan into action is the biggest part of the conservation scientist's job. It may mean directing the activities involved and monitoring progress. Conservation scientists divide their time between outdoor land inspections and office hours, often at a computer. Like most jobs in scientific research, you need to possess a healthy degree of curiosity, detailed knowledge of your field, and the disciplined patience required for a trial and error approach to problems. While most hold at least a bachelor's degree, you need a doctorate to lead research projects or to teach. Conservation scientists enjoy the challenge of giving nature a little extra help.