Medical and health services managers are managers first and foremost. But because they are employed by hospitals, nursing homes, and government agencies concerned with health care, they face special challenges. The structure and financing of the health care industry is changing rapidly. So whether these managers oversee nursing, surgery, physical therapy, or some other hospital department, they are under constant pressure to cut costs while improving services. The same pressures apply to those who manage group medical practices or work for health maintenance organizations and other “managed care” firms. A bachelor’s degree in health services administration, public health, long-term care administration or in a related field is the minimum entry qualification. But master’s and doctoral degrees are usually required for those who wish to advance. Fortunately, as the population ages, the need for medical and health care services—and people who can manage their delivery, quality, and costs—is expected to grow faster than average in the coming years. There will thus be lots of opportunities for those with the proper qualifications.